Managed Emission Factors - Eora66 - MRIO (Multi-region input-output)

With coverage dating back to 1990, Eora’s MRIO (Multi-region input-output) is a globally recognized spend-based emission factor set. IBM has modified Eora concordance tables to align with Summary categories provided by the US EPA. This alignment provides a breakdown of 66 industries / commodities.

This factor set will be updated annually, usually in July or August, depending on data availability.

Website	Eora World MRIO
Summary	The Eora global supply chain database consists of a multi-region input-output table (MRIO) model that provides a time series of high-resolution IO tables with matching environmental and social satellite accounts for 188 countries. IBM Envizi’s implementation of the factor set has taken the full Eora dataset and mapped national classification systems to a harmonized classification used by the US EPA across 66 categories. For the full list of national classifications before harmonization, see here. The categorization of the 66 spend data types originates from the US Department of Commerce - Bureau of Economic Analysis. For more information see the BEA categorization, review the Supply and Use tables provided on the BEA website here.
Citation	Website: https://worldmrio.com/documentation/ Lenzen M, Kanemoto K; Moran D, and Geschke A (2012) Mapping the structure of the world economy. Environmental Science & Technology 46(15) pp 8374–8381. DOI: 10.1021/es300171x. Supplementary Information Lenzen, M., Moran, D., Kanemoto, K., Geschke, A. (2013) Building Eora: A Global Multi-regional Input-Output Database at High Country and Sector Resolution. Economic Systems Research, 25:1, 20-49, DOI:10.1080/09535314.2013.769938
Upcoming publication date	Initially published in Envizi in June 2023, the next update will occur in Q3, 2024.
Currency options	All emission factors are stored in USD, therefore all spend data must also be stored in USD for the emissions calculation to work. To accomplish this we provide 3 options for capturing spend data. Account styles can be configured to capture spend data in: USD, the local currency of the location or a currency of the users choice (accessible by a picklist containing currency codes within the account style). A limited subset of currency codes can be selected when configuring account styles.
Geographical coverage	188 countries. See below for full list. Countries Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil British Virgin Islands Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Cote dIvoire North Korea DR Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Fiji Finland France French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Greenland Guatemala Guinea Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao SAR Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Gaza Strip Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar South Korea Moldova Romania Russia Rwanda Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Somalia South Africa South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Thailand TFYR Macedonia Togo Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine UAE UK Tanzania USA Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
Data type coverage	This Scope 3 spend-based factor set covers 66 summary data types and relates to the US EEIO Summary classification. See below for the full list of spend categories: Supported spend data types Accommodation Administrative and support services Air transportation Ambulatory health care services Amusements, gambling, and recreation Apparel and leather and allied products Broadcasting and telecommunications Chemical products Computer and electronic products Computer systems design and related services Construction Data processing, internet publish, other IT Educational services Electrical equipment, appliances, other Fabricated metal products Farms Fed Res banks, credit services, and other Food and beverage and tobacco products Food and beverage, general Food services and drinking places Forestry, fishing, and related activities Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles Furniture and related products General merchandise, general Hospitals, general Housing Insurance carriers and related activities Legal services, general Machinery Management of companies and enterprises Mining, except oil and gas Misc prof, scientific, technical services Miscellaneous manufacturing Motion picture, sound recording industries Motor vehicle and parts dealers Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, parts Nonmetallic mineral products Nursing and residential care facilities Oil and gas extraction Other real estate, general Other retail Other services, except government Other transportation and support activities Other transportation equip., general Paper products Perf arts, spectator sports, museums, other Petroleum and coal products Pipeline transportation Plastics and rubber products Primary metals Printing and related support activities Publishing, excluding internet, inc software Rail transportation Rental, leasing ser, lessors intangible ass. Securities, commodity contracts, investments Social assistance Support activities for mining Textile mills and textile product mills Transit and ground passenger transportation Truck transportation Utilities Warehousing and storage Waste management and remediation services Water transportation Wholesale trade Wood products
Inflation	Each year factors are updated every year with current financial data so no inflation adjustment is required.
Effective and Published dates	Country-level emissions data, input-output tables and country-level GDP take some time to tabulate. Therefore published dates are going to be set in 18-months after the effective period. For example, in July 2023, emission factors were loaded for the calendar year 2022, and in July 2024, factors will be calculated and loaded for Jan - Dec 2023. For more information on effective and published dates see this article.

Managed effective and published periods

Factor Source reference	Effective From	Effective To	Published From	Published To
2015 - The Eora Global Supply Chain Database - Eora Full set with concordance mapping to US EPA 66 EEIO Summary spend categories - https://worldmrio.com/	01 Jan 2015	31 Dec 2015	01 Jul 2016	30 Jun 2017
2016 - The Eora Global Supply Chain Database - Eora Full set with concordance mapping to US EPA 66 EEIO Summary spend categories - https://worldmrio.com/	01 Jan 2016	31 Dec 2016	01 Jul 2017	30 Jun 2018
2017 - The Eora Global Supply Chain Database - Eora Full set with concordance mapping to US EPA 66 EEIO Summary spend categories - https://worldmrio.com/	01 Jan 2017	31 Dec 2017	01 Jul 2018	30 Jun 2019
2018 - The Eora Global Supply Chain Database - Eora Full set with concordance mapping to US EPA 66 EEIO Summary spend categories - https://worldmrio.com/	01 Jan 2018	31 Dec 2018	01 Jul 2019	30 Jun 2020
2019 - The Eora Global Supply Chain Database - Eora Full set with concordance mapping to US EPA 66 EEIO Summary spend categories - https://worldmrio.com/	01 Jan 2019	31 Dec 2019	01 Jul 2020	30 Jun 2021
2020 - The Eora Global Supply Chain Database - Eora Full set with concordance mapping to US EPA 66 EEIO Summary spend categories - https://worldmrio.com/	01 Jan 2020	31 Dec 2020	01 Jul 2021	30 Jun 2022
2021 - The Eora Global Supply Chain Database - Eora Full set with concordance mapping to US EPA 66 EEIO Summary spend categories - https://worldmrio.com/	01 Jan 2021	31 Dec 2021	01 Jul 2022	30 Jun 2023
2022 - The Eora Global Supply Chain Database - Eora Full set with concordance mapping to US EPA 66 EEIO Summary spend categories - https://worldmrio.com/	01 Jan 2022		01 Jul 2023